What Technologies Should I Learn?
Choosing what to learn in computer science (CS) can feel overwhelming. Many beginners on Reddit often ask the same question:
“Which technologies should I learn first?”
Technology evolves fast, but strong fundamentals stay valuable for life. This guide uses simple language, clear steps, and Reddit-style advice to help you understand what is worth learning, what increases your chances of getting a job, and what supports long-term growth.
1. Begin With the Basics: The Core Every CS Student Needs
Before you jump into advanced tools, Reddit users strongly recommend building a solid foundation. These skills help you in almost every CS field.
1.1 Learn One Strong Programming Language
Start with one main language to shape your foundation. Reddit’s top suggestions include:
- Python – easiest to start with; used in data science, AI, and automation
- JavaScript – essential for web development
- Java – widely used in companies and Android apps
- C++ – helpful for game development and systems programming
Tip: Choose one language and stay with it until you feel confident.
1.2 Master Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA)
DSA is the core of computer science.
Study:
- Arrays
- Linked lists
- Stacks and queues
- Trees and graphs
- Sorting
- Searching
- Dynamic programming
DSA helps you:
- Solve complex problems
- Pass technical interviews
- Understand deeper computer operations
1.3 Learn How the Web Works
Even if you don’t want to become a web developer, knowing how the web functions is extremely valuable.
Learn:
- HTTP / HTTPS
- APIs
- Client–server model
- Databases
These fundamentals help you build modern applications that communicate online.
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2. Learn the Most Useful Technologies (Reddit’s Top Picks)
These are the technologies most commonly recommended across Reddit’s CS and programming communities.
2.1 Git and GitHub
This is usually the first real developer tool beginners should learn.
You will use Git to:
- Track code changes
- Save different versions
- Work with teams
- Store projects for employers to review
Key skills:
- Git basics (clone, commit, push, pull)
- Branching
- Using GitHub repositories
2.2 Databases
Almost every software application needs a database. Reddit suggests learning both SQL and NoSQL.
Best SQL options:
- PostgreSQL
- MySQL
Best NoSQL option:
- MongoDB
Important concepts:
- Tables
- Queries
- Indexes
- Joins
2.3 Linux
Linux is popular because it is fast, powerful, and used widely in IT and development.
Learn:
- Terminal basics
- File system structure
- Permissions
- Installing software
- Common Bash commands
Linux knowledge is useful for:
- DevOps
- Cloud computing
- Backend development
- Cybersecurity
3. Choose a Career Path (Based on Your Goals)
Once you understand the basics, choose a direction. Here are the main CS paths along with the recommended technologies.
4. For Web Developers: Frontend + Backend Skills
Reddit often recommends learning the MERN or PERN stack because they are popular and beginner-friendly.
4.1 Frontend Development (The Visual Side of Websites)
Start with the core skills:
- HTML
- CSS
- JavaScript
Then choose one major framework:
- React (most popular)
- Vue
- Svelte
Also learn:
- Responsive design
- Browser developer tools
- Working with APIs
4.2 Backend Development (The Server Side)
Popular backend languages:
- Node.js (JavaScript)
- Python (Django, Flask, or FastAPI)
- Java (Spring Boot)
- Go (Golang)
Backend concepts to understand:
- REST APIs
- Authentication
- Basic security
- Caching
- File storage
5. For Data Science and AI Engineering
This is one of the fastest-growing fields in tech.
5.1 Essential Skills
Learn:
- Python
- NumPy and Pandas
- Matplotlib or Seaborn
- Basic statistics
5.2 Machine Learning Frameworks
- Scikit-learn
- TensorFlow
- PyTorch (Reddit’s top preference)
5.3 Data Engineering Tools
- SQL
- Apache Spark
- Airflow
- Big data fundamentals
6. For Cloud and DevOps Engineers
DevOps and cloud engineering roles are in high demand and often offer excellent salaries.
6.1 Cloud Platforms
Choose one to master deeply:
- AWS (most recommended)
- Google Cloud
- Azure
6.2 DevOps Tools
- Docker
- Kubernetes
- CI/CD tools (GitHub Actions, Jenkins)
- Terraform
Automation is the key skill in this field.
7. For Cybersecurity Students
Cybersecurity is growing fast, and Reddit users recommend focusing on these areas:
7.1 Core Skills
- Linux
- Networking basics
- Python
- Bash scripting
- Wireshark
7.2 Cybersecurity Tools
- Burp Suite
- Metasploit
- Nmap
- OWASP Top 10 framework
Cybersecurity jobs require sharp problem-solving and attention to detail.
8. For Game Development
If you love video games, consider learning:
8.1 Game Engines
- Unity (C#)
- Unreal Engine (C++)
8.2 Important Skills
- Algorithms
- 3D math
- Physics basics
- Asset pipelines
Game development can be challenging, but it is very rewarding for creative developers.
9. Extra Skills That Greatly Improve Your Career
These skills are not mandatory, but they make you stand out.
9.1 Communication and Writing
Good developers write:
- Clear comments
- Clean documentation
- Professional emails and reports
This makes teamwork easier and boosts your value.
9.2 System Design
Learn:
- Servers
- Load balancers
- Databases
- Caching
- Scaling strategies
System design becomes very important for senior roles.
9.3 Building Real Projects
Reddit always repeats:
“Projects > Courses”
Build:
- Websites
- Mobile apps
- Tools
- AI models
- Games
Projects prove your skills better than certificates.
10. What Should You Learn First? (Ranked Starter Roadmap)
Here’s a simple beginner roadmap based on Reddit advice:
- Python or JavaScript
- Git + GitHub
- Linux basics
- Data Structures and Algorithms
- HTML, CSS, and JavaScript basics
- SQL + one database
- One backend or frontend framework
- Cloud basics (AWS or GCP)
Following this roadmap prepares you for most entry-level tech roles.
(FAQs)
1. How do I decide what to learn?
Choose based on your goal:
- Web development → JavaScript + React
- AI / Machine Learning → Python + PyTorch
- DevOps → Linux + AWS + Docker
- Cybersecurity → Networking + Linux
2. Should I learn many languages?
Not at the beginning.
Start with one, deepen your skills, then add more when needed.
3. Is Python enough to get a job?
Yes, especially in:
- Data science
- Automation
- AI development
- Backend services
But you still need Git, SQL, and real projects.
4. How long does it take to become job-ready?
Typical timelines:
- 6–12 months (consistent learning)
- 1–2 years (part-time learning)
5. Do I need maths for programming?
For web development: not really
For AI, security, or systems work: basic math helps a lot.
6. What is the biggest beginner mistake?
Trying to learn everything at once.
Focus on one path, build small projects, and grow slowly.
Final Thoughts
Learning computer science is a long journey, not a race. There is no “perfect path”, but the technologies listed here are among the most trusted and frequently recommended by Reddit’s CS community. Start small, stay consistent, build real projects, and always remember: